Economics
Total Marks 200
Paper II
Marks – 100
Pakistan’s Economy
1. Definition and measurement of development, characteristics of under development, rethinking on the concept of development, Growth vs. Redistributive Justice, absolute and relative poverty, basic needs approach
2. Planning experience of Pakistan: A critical evaluation of the strategy of economic planning
3. Agricultural development in Pakistan: Changes in agriculture policies over plan periods, major monetary and fiscal measures to promote agricultural development, Green Revolution strategy and its implications for growth and redistribution, Land Reforms and changes in the tenure system 1950 – 1980, Cooperative Farming
4. Industrial development in Pakistan: Early industrialization strategy, creation of Financial and Development Institutions, major monetary and fiscal measures to promote industrial development, changing role of public sector over the plan periods, evaluation of nationalization policy, concentration of industrial income and wealth
5. Role of foreign trade and aid in economic development. Trends of Pakistan’s Balance of Payments, changes in direction of trade, trends in Pakistan’s major exports and imports, causes of significant changes in the trends, the role of migration and remittances in Pakistan’s economy, costs and benefits of Foreign Aid
6. Privatization, denationalization and deregulation, conceptual and operational aspects, international comparisons