FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION – 2024
FOR RECRUITMENT TO POST IN BS – 17
UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
EUROPEAN HISTORY
TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS
PART-I (MCQs) : MAXIMUM 30 MINUTES
(PART-I MCQs) MAXIMUM MARKS: 20
(PART-II) MAXIMUM MARKS: 80
NOTE: (i) First attempt PART-I (MCQs) on separate OMR Answer Sheet which shall be taken back after 30 minutes.
(ii) Overwriting/cutting of the options/answers will not be given credit.
(iii) There is no negative marking. All MCQs must be attempted.
PART-I (MCQs)(COMPULSORY)
Q.1. (i) Select the best option/answer and fill in the appropriate Box on the OMR Answer Sheet. (20×1 = 20)
(ii) Answers given anywhere else, other than OMR Answer Sheet, will not be considered.
1. What event marked the beginning of the French Revolution in 1789?
(A) The Storming of the Bastille (B) The Battle of Waterloo (C) The Reign of Terror (D) None of these
2. The Napoleonic Code, a comprehensive legal system, was introduced by Napoleon Bonaparte in:
(A) 1789 (B) 1799 (C) 1804 (D) None of these
3. Which battle marked Napoleon’s final defeat, leading to his exile to the island of Elba in 1814?
(A) Battle of Austerlitz (B) Battle of Leipzig (C) Battle of Waterloo (D) None of these
4. Which major European powers were the key participants in the Concert of Europe?
(A) France, Russia, and Spain (B) Britain, Austria, and Prussia (C) Italy, Sweden, and Ottoman Empire (D) None of these
5. Which political ideology was endorsed by the Concert of Europe as a means of preserving the existing order in Europe? (A) Liberalism (B) Conservatism (C) Socialism (D) None of these
6. The Industrial Revolution, characterized by technological advancements and the shift to mechanized production, primarily began in which country during the early 19th century?
(A) France (B) Germany (C) United Kingdom (D) None of these
7. What political ideology, emphasizing individual rights, representative government, and rule of law, gained prominence in the wake of the Napoleonic era?
(A) Conservatism (B) Liberalism (C) Nationalism (D) None of these
8. What was the “Eastern Question” in 19th-century European politics?
(A) The status of the Ottoman Empire and its territorial integrity (B) The balance of power in Central Europe (C) The influence of Austria in the Balkans (D) None of these
9. The Treaty of Paris (1856), which ended the Crimean War (1853-1856), aimed to:
(A) Strengthen the Ottoman Empire (B) Weaken Russia’s influence in the Black Sea (C) Establish a balance of power in the Balkans (D) None of these
10. The Expedition of the Thousand, a crucial event in Italian unification, was led by:
(A) Giuseppe Mazzini (B) Camillo Cavour (C) Giuseppe Garibaldi (D) None of these
11. The North German Confederation, a precursor to the German Empire, was led by the dominance of which German state?
(A) Bavaria (B) Prussia (C) Saxony (D) None of these
12. The Franco-Prussian War of 1870-1871 played a crucial role in the final stages of German unification. What significant event occurred during this war?
(A) The Siege of Paris (B) The Battle of Leipzig (C) The Treaty of Tilsit (D) None of these
13. The alliance system that contributed to the escalation of the first world war included which major alliances?
(A) Triple Entente (Allies) and Central Powers (B) Triple Alliance and Entente Cordiale (C) Axis Powers and Allies (D) None of these
14. The ultimatum delivered by Austria-Hungary to Serbia after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in 1914 contained what controversial demand?
(A) Serbian recognition of Austrian sovereignty (B) Serbian military occupation of Bosnia (C) Serbian involvement in the assassination plot (D) None of these
15. What treaty led to Russia’s withdrawal from the First World War?
(A) Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (B) Treaty of Versailles (C) Treaty of Trianon (D) None of these
16. Which Eastern European country was led by Marshal Józef Piłsudski, who established an authoritarian regime in the interwar period characterized by his “Sanation” policies?
(A) Hungary (B) Poland (C) Romania (D) None of these
17. Operation Barbarossa, launched by Nazi Germany in 1941, was a military campaign directed against which country? (A) France (B) Soviet Union (C) United Kingdom (D) None of these
18. Who was known as the “Desert Fox” during World War II?
(A) Erwin Rommel (B) Paul von Hindenburg (C) Manfred von Richthofen (D) None of these
19. The Marshall Plan, initiated in 1948, aimed to provide economic assistance to war-torn European countries. Which country proposed and led this plan?
(A) United States (B) Soviet Union (C) United Kingdom (D) None of these
20. The division of Germany into East and West, symbolized by the Berlin Wall, was a direct consequence of:
(A) The Yalta Conference (B) The Potsdam Conference (C) The Tehran Conference (D) None of these
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PART-II
NOTE: (i) Part-II is to be attempted on the separate Answer Book.
(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II by selecting TWO questions from EACH SECTION. ALL questions carry EQUAL marks.
(iii) All the parts (if any) of each Question must be attempted at one place instead of at different places.
(iv) Write Q. No. in the Answer Book in accordance with Q. No. in the Q.Paper.
(v) No Page/Space be left blank between the answers. All the blank pages of Answer Book must be crossed.
(vi) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the question will not be considered.
SECTION-A
Q. No. 2. According to the Austrian chancellor Klemens von Metternich, “When France sneezes, the rest of Europe catches a cold.” Discuss this statement in the context of the French Revolution. (20)
Q. No. 3. Examine Napoleon’s Continental System as a strategic and economic policy during the early 19th century, discussing the motivations behind its implementation and its impact on European trade and economies. (20)
Q. No. 4. Discuss the significance and outcomes of the Congress of Vienna (1814-1815) in shaping the post-Napoleonic order in Europe. (20)
Q. No. 5. Explore the causes of the 1848 European revolutions, assessing internal divisions, foreign intervention, and the lasting impact on political and social landscapes. (20)
SECTION-B
Q. No. 6. Examine Bismarck’s role in 19th-century German unification, assessing his strategies, key events, and impact on the socio-political landscape within the newly formed German Empire. (20)
Q. No. 7. Analyze the complexities of the inter-war period, with a focus on the geopolitical landscape and the impact of treaties such as the Warsaw Pact. (20)
Q. No. 8. Evaluate the Cold War’s impact on Europe, considering geopolitical, economic, and socio-cultural consequences. (20)
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