State and Nation Introduction The concepts of state and nation are central to the study of international relations. They are often used interchangeably in everyday language, but they have different meanings. A state is primarily a political and legal organization possessing territory, population, government and sovereignty. A nation is a community of people who share…
KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION WRITTEN EXAMINATION FOR THE POSTS OF PMS OFFICER / AETO BPS-17 (2025) PHYSICS (PAPER-II) Time Allowed: 03 Hours Total Marks: 100 Note: Attempt any five complete questions. Q.No.1 (a) Write down Maxwell’s equations in differential form and briefly explain the physical significance of each equation. Explicitly show that the electric…
1 KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION WRITTEN EXAMINATION FOR THE POSTS OF PMS OFFICER / AETO BPS-17 (2025) PHYSICS (PAPER-I) Time Allowed: 03 Hours Total Marks: 100 Note:- Attempt any five complete questions. Q.No.1 (a) Define and explain the gradient of a scalar function, and prove that grad S = ∇S. (10) (b) If F…
KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION WRITTEN EXAMINATION FOR THE POSTS OF PMS OFFICER / AETO BPS-17 (2025) PERSIAN (PAPER-II) Time Allowed: 03 Hours Total Marks: 100 Note:- Attempt All five questions. All questions carry equal marks. Q 1 یکی از اجزای زیر را به انگلیسی ترجمه کنید: (20) (الف) در غم ما روزها بیگاه شد…
KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION WRITTEN EXAMINATION FOR THE POSTS OF PMS OFFICER / AETO BPS-17 (2025) PASHTO Time Allowed: 03 Hours Total Marks: 100 Note: Question No. 1 & 2 are compulsory. Attempt any three from the remaining questions. (14) سوال 1 الف ورکړے شوے عبارت په پښتو کښې ترجمه کړئ. A Clean and…
KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION WRITTEN EXAMINATION FOR THE POSTS OF PMS OFFICER / AETO BPS-17 (2025) ARABIC (PAPER-II) Time Allowed: 03 Hours Total Marks: 100 Note:- Attempt five questions from the following. Question No.7 and 8 are compulsory. Q.No.1 Write a detailed note on Zuhair bin Abi Sulma and his Mu’allaqah, discussing the significance…
Global Governance Introduction Global governance refers to the systems, institutions, rules, norms and processes through which international actors address issues that cross national borders. The world has no single government with authority over all countries. Nevertheless, states and other actors cooperate through international organizations, treaties, institutions, networks and informal arrangements. Global governance is therefore not…
The Changing International System Introduction The international system is not static. It changes as the distribution of power, technology, economics, political ideas, institutions and relationships among states evolve. From the European state system to the post-Second World War order, and from the Cold War to the post-Cold War period, major transformations have repeatedly changed the…
International Order Introduction International order refers to the pattern of rules, institutions, practices, power relationships and expectations that organize relations among states and other international actors. Unlike domestic political systems, the international system does not have a single world government with supreme authority over all states. International order therefore develops through a combination of power,…
Strategic Geography Introduction Strategic geography is the study of how geographical characteristics affect military strategy, national security, political power and international relations. While geopolitics broadly examines the relationship between geography and political power, strategic geography focuses more specifically on the strategic consequences of geographical space. It asks a fundamental question: How does geography affect the…
Geopolitics Introduction Geopolitics is the study of how geography influences international politics, power, security, foreign policy and relations among states. It examines how factors such as location, territory, borders, mountains, rivers, seas, natural resources, population, trade routes and access to strategic regions shape the behavior and interests of states. Geography does not determine international politics…
Structure of the Quran 1 What is the Arabic term commonly used for a chapter of the Quran? (a) Ayah (b) Surah (c) Juz (d) None of these 2 What is an individual verse of the Quran commonly called? (a) Hizb (b) Ruku (c) Ayah (d) None of these 3 How many Surahs are there…
Major Themes of the Quran 1 Which concept is at the heart of the Quranic message? (a) Tawhid (b) Tribalism (c) Materialism (d) None of these 2 Tawhid refers primarily to: (a) Political authority (b) Oneness of Allah (c) Social organization (d) None of these 3 Which major Quranic theme concerns accountability after death? (a)…
Quranic Guidance for Human Life 1 What does the Quran primarily present itself as for humanity? (a) A book of genealogy (b) Guidance (c) A history book only (d) None of these 2 Which Arabic term is commonly associated with the Quran as guidance? (a) Huda (b) Fiqh (c) Ijma (d) None of these 3…
Quranic Teachings on Morality 1 Which Quranic quality refers to truthfulness? (a) Sidq (b) Hasad (c) Kibr (d) None of these 2 Which quality means trustworthiness? (a) Amanah (b) Ghibah (c) Riba (d) None of these 3 Which Quranic principle is central to moral conduct? (a) Justice (b) Tribal superiority (c) Wealth accumulation (d) None…
Quranic Teachings on Social Justice 1 Which concept is central to Quranic teachings on social justice? (a) ‘Adl (b) Hasad (c) Takabbur (d) None of these 2 What does ‘Adl generally mean? (a) Justice (b) Wealth (c) Migration (d) None of these 3 Which Quranic principle requires fairness even toward disliked people? (a) Justice (b)…
UN Security Council and Collective Security Introduction The United Nations Security Council is the principal UN organ responsible for maintaining international peace and security. Its authority forms a central part of the UN’s collective security system. Collective security is based on the idea that threats to international peace should be addressed collectively rather than left…
UN Agencies and International Institutions Introduction The United Nations operates through a broad institutional network addressing health, development, labour, food, education, refugees, aviation, telecommunications, maritime affairs and many other areas. The term international institution is broader than the term UN agency. International institutions can include organizations, regimes, rules, norms and decision-making arrangements. UN Specialized Agencies…
IMF, World Bank and Global Financial Institutions Introduction The International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank Group are among the most important institutions in the international economic system. They emerged from the Bretton Woods Conference of 1944, which sought to establish a more stable post-war international monetary and economic order. International Monetary Fund International…
WTO and International Trade Institutions Introduction The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the principal global institution dealing with the rules of international trade. It provides a framework for negotiating trade rules, monitoring trade policies and resolving certain trade disputes. The WTO emerged from the post-war trading system that developed through the General Agreement on Tariffs…