PAPER- I Total Marks: 100 PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY 1. The Universe:- The solar system and the Earth. Earth‟s Origin, shape and size, rotation and revolution, distribution of land and water. Geological time scale. 2. Lithosphere:- Composition and internal structure of the Earth, Rocks-origin, formation and types (igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic), plate tectonics, mountain building geomorphic processes…
PAPER-II Total Marks: 100 HUMAN, ECONOMIC AND REGIONAL GEOGRAPHY HUMAN GEOGRAPHY Man and his habitat: Concepts of Environmentalism and Possibilism, population growth, dynamics, (fertility, mortality, & migration), world society and culture, races, languages and religions, natural resources. World population, distribution, density and growth. Population structure, population change (Natural increase & migration) Migration factors (pull and…
PAPER – I Total Marks: 100 Drama and Poetry Description: The readings in this paper focus on selected creative works (Drama and Poetry) written or translated into English language. These readings are wide in scope, offering debate over the contemporary cross-genre and cross-disciplinary interpretations. In general, the candidates are expected to: 1 Display some background…
PAPER- II Total Marks: 100 Fiction and Non-Fiction Description: The readings in this paper focus on selected creative works (Fiction [Novel and Short Story] and Non-fiction[Prose(Essays) and Literary Criticism) written or translated into English Language. These readings offer debate over the contemporary cross-genre and cross-disciplinary interpretations. In general, the candidates are expected to: Display some…
PAPER -I Total Marks: 100 1. Education in Pakistan 1.1 History of Education in Pakistan 1.2 Aims of Education 1.3 System of Education in Pakistan 1.4 Educational Policies and Development Plans 1.4.1 All Pakistan Education Conference 1947 1.4.2 National Commission on Education 1959 1.4.3 The Education Policy 1972-1980 1.4.4 National Education Policies: 1979, 1992, 1998-2010,…
PAPER- II Total Marks: 100 1. Philosophy of Education 1.1 Scope of Philosophy 1.2 Western Schools of General Philosophy 1.2.1 Idealism 1.2.2 Realism 1.2.3 Naturalism 1.2.4 Pragmatism 1.2.5 Existentialism 1.3 Schools of Educational Philosophy 1.3.1 Perennialism 1.3.2 Essentialism 1.3.3 Progessivism 1.3.4 Reconstructionism 1.4 Thoughts of Muslim Philosophers: Imam Ghazali; Ibne-Khaldun; Shah Waliullah; Sir Syed Ahmad…
PAPER II Total Marks:100 SECTION- A 1. Theory of Automata and Formal Languages. Finite State Models: Language definitions preliminaries, Regular expressions/Regular languages, Finite automatas (FAs), Transition graphs (TGs),NF As, kleene’s theorem, Transducers (automata with output), Pumping lemma and non regular language Grammars and PDA: Context free grammars, Derivations, derivation trees and ambiguity, Simplifying CFLs ,…
PAPER- I Total Marks: 100 SECTION-A 1. Introduction to Computing Number Systems, Binary numbers, Boolean logic, History Computer system, basic machine organization, Von Neumann Architecture, Algorithm definition, design, and implementation, Programming paradigms and Languages, Graphical programming, Overview of Software Engineering and Information Technology, Operating system, Compiler, Computer networks and Internet, Computer graphics, Al, Social and…
PAPER-II TOTAL MARKS: 100 (A) Organic Chemistry 1. Structure and Reactivity Inductive effect, delocalized chemical bond, resonance effect, tautomerism, hyper-conjugation, steric effect and hydrogen bonding. 2. UV and IR Spectroscopy Principle of UV-Visible and IR-Spectroscopy, terms involved in spectroscopy. -max, bathochromic shift, hypsochromic shift, finger print region, overtones and applications in functional group identification of…
PAPER-I Total Marks: 100 (A). Physical Chemistry. 1. Quantum Theory & Atomic Structure Quantum theory. The Schrodinger Wave Equation, particle in one dimensional box and its application for Hydrogen atom. Quantum Numbers. Chemical Bonding. Elgen Values and Elgen functions. Degeneracy. Tunnel Effect. 2. Chemical Thermodynamics First Law of Thermodynamic and Enthalpy changes. Entropy and second…
PAPER-II Total Marks: 100 1. Plant Physiology: Plant water relations, osmotic quantities, absorptions, transpiration, role of essential mineral elements, their uptake and distribution. Growth and development, Plant hormones, Photoperiodism, Vernalization, Dormancy and seed germination. Biochemistry of Carbohydrates, Proteins and Fats with reference to plants. Enzymes. Plant pigments. Photophosphorylation; Path of carbon in photosynthesis; Oxidative phosphorylation…
PAPER-I Marks : 100 1. Algae: Origin, evolution, distribution and classification with reference to range, structure, life-history, ecology and economic importance of Cyanophyta, Bacillariophyta, Phaeophyta and Rhodophyta, Chlorophyta. 2. Fungi: Structure of plant body; development of ascus, basidium and conidium; reproduction; classification; phylogeny, physiology and economic importance of the main groups of fungi. Diseases of…
PAPER-II Total Marks:100 POETRY Maullqat complete (a) hassan Bin Sabbit: The following two Qasaid from his Daiwan: No. 1 “Ma Balu Aineka” No.2”Lillahi Damu Kaaba” Kaab-Ibn Zuhair and his Qaisaida: “Banat Suaad”. Khansa and her Qaisidatah “Wa Inna Sakhran Lawalina” Al-Mutanabbi, (his first 5 Qasaid) from Diwan al Mutahli Abu-Tmam, (BabAlhimasah) Abu-Tmam, (Bab-Alhimasah) Ahmed Shoque…
PAPER-I Total Marks: 100 HISTORY OF ARABIC LITERATURE A: The Pre-Islamic Arabic Literature and its salient features. B: Al-Quran and its influence on Arabic Literature. C: Literary movements, Classical Background, Socio-cultural influences and modern trends in Abbasid period and its literary history. D: Contribution of The Arabs in the fields of science Philosophy and linguistics…
Sociology. Definition, scope and methods of Sociology, study of Social Problems, Population Race, Relations, Dis-Organisation of families, Crime, etc. History of Social thought Social Structure like Government, family, etc. Community and community Organization with study of Ecology and Group Relationship. Family, Marriage and Population problems with special Reference to Social Problem of Pakistan. 4,720…
PAPER – I Total Marks: 100 Anatomy and Physiology General terms used in Anatomy and Physiology. Anatomy and Physiology of different systems such as Digestive System, Cardiovascular System, Respiratory System, uro-general system, Endocrine Glands, Nervous System, Sense Organs. Comparative Anatomy and Physiology of different systems of various domestic animals. Pharmacology and Toxicology Terminology Drug development…
1 Agrios, G.N. 1995. Plant Pathology. 4th Acad. Press, NY, USA. 2 Anonymous. 2002 Soil Survey Manual. USDA, Univ. Press of the Pacific, Washington DC, USA. 3 Aruga, H. 1994. Principles of Sericulture. (Translated from Japanese). Oxford & IBH Pub. CO. Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, India. 4 Atwal, A.S. and S.S. Bains. 2005. Agricultural Pests…
PAPER-ll Total Marks: 100 Concept of genetics. Role of genetics in crop improvement. Chemical composition of hereditary material. Molecular basis of genetic code. Basic control system in gene expression. Variation-basis of plant breeding, its creation and exploitation. Breeding strategies. Breeding methods of self, cross and asexually propagated crops. Process of variety development. Concept of modern…
SUGGESTED READINGS Afzal, M. 1977. farming in Pakistan. Acad. Sci., Islamabad, Pakistan. Anderson, W.P. 1993. Weed Science Principles. 2nd ED. West Pub. Co. NY, USA. Andrew, C.O. 1993. Applied agricultural Research: Foundations and methodology. Westview Press. Arnon, I. 1992. Agriculture in dry lands: Principles and Practices. Elsevier Sci. Pub., London, UK. Awan, J.A, 2005 elements…
PAPER-I Total Marks: 100 Natural resources (land, water, biological and climatic) of Pakistan and their impact on crop production. Climatic factors and their relationship with crop growth processes like photosynthesis, respiration and transpiration. Agro-ecological zones of Pakistan and their features. Dry farming. Organic farming for agricultural environmental pollution management. Use of bio-fertilizers, biopesticides and natural…